FAQ

Connecting solar panels requires a competent attitude when choosing the installation site. The following rules must be observed:

• Selected points on the roof of the house should be the most illuminated most of the time. There must be no obstacles in the form of trees or tall buildings between the work surface and the sun.
• Regardless of the season, it is preferable to install panels on the south side of the roof. The retreat areas run west and east, but not north.
• Easy access to the panels is a must. Periodically, the surfaces must be cleaned of snow, dirt and dust, otherwise the efficiency of the station will drop several times.

The average angle of inclination of the solar panels should correspond to the latitude of the region of the upcoming operation. Example: The Moscow region has the coordinates 55° 45' 0" - this is the optimal angle for mounting the module.

At different times of the year, the activity of the sun is not the same. You can adjust the angle of the panels for specific months and times of the year, but the accuracy of such calculations is conditional. It's more productive to take average values (example above) and increase generation efficiency in other ways.

First, the installation angle of the solar modules on the roof can be adjusted to the latitude of the region. There are several ways to increase the efficiency of a solar power plant:

• By using motorized, movable arms on which the panels face the sun during the day. This process can be automated by relying on AI, or you can perform the corresponding operations yourself.
  Calculate the module area based on solar activity in winter. In summer, excess electricity is fed into the external grid (suitable for reversible systems).
• Assemble the module based on the number of hours of sunshine in summer. The lack of electricity in winter is compensated by drawing power from the central grid (combined or compound stations).
• An alternative is to use film panels for seasonal use. This option offers flexible installation – they can be cut to fit the geometry and surface and removed for the summer season.

In all these cases, it is important to select a quality controller and a suitable inverter. The efficiency of the station directly depends on the operation of these elements. A smart calculator allows you to calculate the optimal coverage area with solar modules. The program's algorithms take into account the climatic conditions of the region, the type of property, and the expected load, and then derive the project's expected return on investment.

The type of panel also influences the station's efficiency. Monocrystalline panels deliver a return of up to 26% under favorable conditions, while polycrystalline panels deliver up to 20%, but are capable of effectively absorbing scattered light (the station will operate normally in cloudy weather). The return on investment using film models is 12%—a universal auxiliary option.

Step by step you need to perform the following operations:

• Determine the area of the solar panels, their installation location and the type of panels.
• Display the appropriate tilt angle according to the latitude of the region.
• Consider opportunities for productive use of the station in the winter season.
• Calculate the roof load and reinforce the roof construction if necessary.
• Carry out the installation in the chosen way.
• Connect the panels to the controller or inverter and battery (if applicable).

The theoretical efficiency of a monocrystalline solar cell is higher than that of a polycrystalline one, however the overall efficiency of a solar module differs from that of a solar cell and is influenced by the processing quality. Therefore, for a manufacturer, the efficiency of polycrystalline panels may not differ much from the efficiency of single-crystal panels.

The panel consists of a certain number of interconnected cells. A cell has a voltage of 0.5 V and a current of 3-7 A (depending on the cell size). Example: If the module consists of 36 chips connected in series, then the voltage in the module is calculated as: 36*0.5=18V.

Solar panels collect not only direct but also indirect sunlight. This means that the modules continue to produce electricity even on cloudy days and in winter the snow reflects the sun's rays, increasing the amount of solar energy that the modules receive.

When the panel is tilted at an angle of more than 20 degrees to the horizon, rain cleans the panels from contamination, the panel is covered with a special self-cleaning glass. If the angle is less than 20 degrees, the cleanliness of the plate should be monitored at least once a month and cleaned if necessary.

Yes, silicon crystals lose their performance over time. After 20 years of operation, the panel performance is about 80% of the original performance. The average warranty period for panel manufacturers is currently 25 years.